Operators

C# Operators

Operators in C# are symbols used to perform operations on variables and values. These include mathematical, logical, comparison, and assignment operators, among others.

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Types of Operators

1. Arithmetic Operators

Perform basic mathematical operations.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
+	Addition	10 + 3	13
-	Subtraction	10 - 3	7
*	Multiplication	10 * 3	30
/	Division	10 / 3	3
%	Modulus (remainder)	10 % 3	1

Example

int a = 10, b = 3;
Console.WriteLine(a + b); // Output: 13
Console.WriteLine(a % b); // Output: 1

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2. Relational (Comparison) Operators

Compare two values.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
>	Greater than	7 > 10	False
<	Less than	7 < 10	True
>=	Greater than or equal	10 >= 7	True
<=	Less than or equal	10 <= 7	False
==	Equal to	7 == 7	True
!=	Not equal to	7 != 10	True

Example

int x = 7, y = 10;
Console.WriteLine(x > y);  // Output: False
Console.WriteLine(x <= y); // Output: True

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3. Logical Operators

Combine multiple conditions.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
&&	Logical AND	true && false	False
||	Logical OR	true || false	True
!	Logical NOT	!true	False

Example

bool isSunny = true, isWarm = false;
Console.WriteLine(isSunny && isWarm); // Output: False
Console.WriteLine(isSunny || isWarm); // Output: True

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4. Assignment Operators

Assign values to variables.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
=	Assign	x = 10	10
+=	Add and assign	x += 5	15
-=	Subtract and assign	x -= 3	12
*=	Multiply and assign	x *= 2	24
/=	Divide and assign	x /= 2	12
%=	Modulus and assign	x %= 5	2

Example

int x = 10;
x += 5;  // x = 15
x *= 2;  // x = 30
Console.WriteLine(x); // Output: 30

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5. Unary Operators

Operate on a single operand.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
++	Increment	++y	6
--	Decrement	--y	4
!	Logical NOT	!true	False

Example

int y = 5;
Console.WriteLine(++y); // Output: 6 (Pre-increment)
Console.WriteLine(y--); // Output: 6 (Post-decrement)

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6. Bitwise Operators

Perform operations on binary representations.

Operator	Description	Example	Result
&	Bitwise AND	5 & 3 (0101 & 0011)	1
|	Bitwise OR	5 | 3 (0101 | 0011)	7
^	Bitwise XOR	5 ^ 3 (0101 ^ 0011)	6
~	Bitwise Complement	~5 (inverts 0101)	-6
<<	Left Shift	5 << 1 (0101 → 1010)	10
>>	Right Shift	5 >> 1 (0101 → 0010)	2

Example

int a = 5; // Binary: 0101
int b = 3; // Binary: 0011
Console.WriteLine(a & b); // Output: 1 (Bitwise AND)
Console.WriteLine(a | b); // Output: 7 (Bitwise OR)

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Summary

• Arithmetic: Perform math operations (+, -, *, /, %).

• Relational: Compare values (>, <, ==, !=).

• Logical: Combine conditions (&&, ||, !).

• Assignment: Assign values (=, +=, *=, etc.).

• Unary: Operate on single operands (++, --, !).

• Bitwise: Work with binary values (&, |, ^, ~, <<, >>).

C# operators enable efficient computation, condition checks, and value manipulation across a variety of programming tasks.